The Life of Michelangelo
1475 Born in Caprese on March 6; family moves back to Florence, following the short stay in Caprese
1481 Mother dies in Florence
1485 Enters grammar school taught by humanist Francesco da Urbino
1488 Apprenticed in a painter’s workshop run by the Gbirlandaio brothers
1490 Decides to pursue sculpture and begins work in the Medici Gardens
1494 Leaves Florence before the expulsion of the Medici and eventually ends up in Rome in 1496
1499 Completes the St. Peter’s Pietà, which establishes his reputation in Rome
1501 Returns to Florerlce and receives commission to sculpt the David, which he completes in 1504
1504 Paints the Doni Tondo
1505 Back in Rome, he begins work on Julius U’s tomb
1508- 1512 Paints the Sistine Chapel ceiling
1519 Begins designing the Medici Chapel in Florence
1524 Commissioned to design the Laurentian Library in Florence
1527-1530 Builds fortifications for the Florentine republic
1532 Meets Tommaso Cavalieri
1535 Pope Paul Ill commissions Michelangelo to paint the Last Judgment; Michelangelo meets Vittoria Colonna; gives “presentation drawings” to Colonna and other friends
1541 Last Judgment is unveiled
1546-1550 Paints the Pauline Chapel frescoes (The Crucifixion of Peter and The Conversion of Paul)
1547 Vittoria Colonna dies; Michelangelo is appointed chief architect of the new St. Peter’s Basilica; begins the Florence Pietà that includes Nicodemus
1553 Ascanio Condivi publishes Life of Michelangelo
1560s Sculpting the Rondanini Pietà
1564 Dies on February 18 at age 89
The World of the Renaissance
1425 Masaccio paints The Trinity
1436 -1442 Fra Angelico paints Annunciation frescoes at San Marco
1438-1445 Council of Florence pursues unity with Greek Orthodox Church but ulilmately fails
1446-1450 Gutenberg invents movable type
1473 Construction of the Sistine Chapel begins under Pope Sixtus IV
1480 -1482 Girolamo Savonarola begins preaching in Florence
1486-1495 Josquin des Prez, Martin Luther’s favorite composer, is writing masses in Rome
1490 Botticelli paints Lamentation Over the Dead Christ
1491 Savonarola becomes prior of San Marco
1492 Columbus arrives in America; Lorenzo de’ Medici dies
1494French invade Italy; Medici lose control of Florence; Savonarola leads the first republic in Florence
1495 Leonardo da Vinci paints the Last Supper
1496 Savonarola excommunicated by Pope Alexander VI
1498 Savonarola burned as a heretic
1503-1506 Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa
1507 Pope,Julius II sells indulgences to fund new St. Peter’s Basilica, a practice his successor Leo X continues
1510 Raphael begins the School of Athens
1512 Medici regain power in Florence
1513 Machiavelli writes The Prince and publishes it in 1532
1516 Erasmus publishes the Greek New Testament; Thomas More publishes Utopia 1517 Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg
1519 Charles of Spain elected Holy Roman Emperor
1521 Martin Luther excommunicated by Pope Leo X
1522 Spanish ship led by Magellan completes voyage around the world
1527 Sack of Rome by the troops of Emperor Charles V; Medici are again exiled from Florence; the last republic in Florence begins
1529-1530 Charles V and Pope Clement VII join forces to besiege Florence
1534 English Parliament separates the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church
1536 John Calvin publishes Institutes of the Christ fan Religion; English reformer William Tyndale is burnt at the stake
1540 Society of Jesus(Jesuits) founded
1542 Roman Inquisition
1543 Copernicus writes On the Revolution of Celestial Bodies
1545-1563 Council of Trent convenes to reform the Catholic church
1549 Cardinal Reginald Pole loses papal election; Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte becomes Pope Julius III
1550 Giorgio Vasari publishesLives of the Painters
1552 Palestrina, a composer famous for his use of polyphony, dedicates his first compositions to Pope Julius III
1555 Peace of Augsburg officially recognizes Lutheranism in Germany
1557 Pope Paul IV introduces the Index of Prohibited Books
1562 French wars of religion between Catholics and Protestants begin
1564 William Shakespeare is born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England; Galileo is born in Pisa, Italy
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