Visitors to Israel are now required to self-quarantine for 14 days upon arrival, according to safety measures implemented by the Israeli government in response to the global COVID-19 outbreak.
The new policy has put a major dampener on Easter pilgrimages to the Holy Land—where 6 out of 10 tourists were Christians in 2018—dealing yet another blow to communities heavily dependent on foreign visitors.
The dramatic plunge comes with “tragic consequences” for the region, where tourism is a significant piece of the economy, according to Munther Isaac, pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran Christmas Church in Bethlehem and academic dean of Bethlehem Bible College.
Since 2016, the number of tourists in Israel has increased each year, with a record-setting 4.5 million visiting the country in 2019 (an 11 percent increase over 2018). The industry pumped billions of dollars into the local economy.
But with 127 confirmed coronavirus diagnoses in Israel and 35 in the West Bank as of Friday—with many connected to the tourism industry—prospects for growth have been decimated.
Bethlehem’s Church of the Nativity is blocked to visitors. The Dome of the Rock atop the Temple Mount is largely empty. And the Cana Wedding Chapel, a new tourist site targeting evangelicals, has seen numerous cancellations and no new reservations for the next two months.
“I’m terrified,” said Saif Saboh, a Palestinian tour guide. “Any tourist could be infected.” He told The Times of Israel that he no longer shakes their hands, and that many groups were canceling their visits.
Thousands of residents and foreign visitors are already living under quarantine. Churches and mosques have closed their doors. And the Palestinian Authority has barred all pilgrims and vacationers for at least two weeks.
As a result, Bethlehem, where 70 percent of the economy revolves around tourism, is now entirely blocked to tourists.
“The virus outbreak will ruin the city economically,” said Mitri Raheb, president of Dar al-Kalima University College of Arts and Culture in Bethlehem. (The university has been closed since March 5, ordered to suspend all programs by the Palestinian Ministry of Health.)
Because more than 9 in 10 workers in Bethlehem’s tourism sector are Christians, Raheb worries about the harsh toll the virus will have on the community. In Egypt, a similar nosedive in tourism following the Arab Spring devastated the economy and fell especially hard on local Christians.
“It has a direct effect on our ministry as well,” Raheb said. “We depend to some extent on income from tourism. But also students will not be able to pay the tuition fees.
“We will be faced with a tough situation and we need to make some tough decisions.”
Nazareth, also sustained largely by a steady flow of tourists, is faring little better as it faces a severe drought in visitors.
While the Christmas season is when families in Israel and Palestine come together and are more homebound, Lent and Easter mark the high point for tourism. But not this year.
Raheb is skeptical that any tourists will come—or even be permitted—this Easter.
“Tourism in Israel is on hold,” said Yohanna Katanacho, Nazareth Evangelical College’s academic dean. “But this seems to be the least of our concern at this stage.”
Katanacho feared the economic impact of canceled festivals and international conferences.
But currently under self-quarantine with Isaac, the entire population of and recent visitors to Bethlehem are monitoring their coronavirus status.
Americans, who comprise the largest segment of tourists to the Holy Land (22% in 2018), have not been spared. A group of 13 Baptists from Alabama was quarantined in Bethlehem, following contact with infected Greek tourists in their hotel.
None of the Americans were found to be infected and they are now back home, in self-quarantine under the care of a doctor.
“By God’s grace and a miracle, we were able to get out of there before they shut everything down,” Chris Bell, the lead pastor of 3Circle Church in Fairhope, Alabama, told Baptist Press.
Confined to one floor of their hotel, they came together to pray—wearing gloves and masks. Bell said the group persevered and received aid from locals.
“We are people of faith. And we do not believe this is an accident,” Bell told the Associated Press, from Bethlehem. “Our God knows exactly where we are.”
In addition to the concerns around the Americans in isolation, a group of Greek pilgrims was infected after a trip to religious sites in Israel and Egypt. And at least nine Korean Catholics tested positive after a visit to Israel in February.
In addition to pilgrims, ministries and religious organizations are taking a significant hit.
Last week in Bethlehem, a joint meeting for pastors from Israel and the West Bank to celebrate the Palestinian Authority’s recognition of the Convention of Evangelical Churches in the Holy Land was canceled in Bethlehem.
Large revival meetings set for early April are now on hold.
Many churches and mosques are closed, leaving houses of worship to stream their services online.
Isaac said his and the other Evangelical Lutheran churches in the region broadcast their services in the face of empty pews, but he has been in contact with his congregants.
“There is so much anxiety among people,” he said, as Bethlehem undergoes a complete shutdown. “We are simply waiting still—and trying to encourage one another.”
Raheb said many local Christians sent food and sweets to the American Baptists stuck in their Bethlehem hotel.
And though public gatherings are on pause, Palestinian religious communities are rallying to serve the needy in a way rarely seen amid cultural and political tension.
“The Bethlehem and Palestinian community—Christians and Muslims—have really come together in the last week,” said Isaac. “We have seen many initiatives. Many donated food and medicine.”
Katanacho highlighted the religious response.
“This is a fasting season not only from a liturgical point of view, but also because of the situation,” he said. “We thank God that despite the negative impact of coronavirus, one of its side effects is a spiritual awakening.”
And at Nazareth Baptist School, despite cancellations by short-term teams, visiting professors, and pastors, general director Botrus Mansour chose to highlight instead how the virus has increased prayer and evangelism.
“Man is so vulnerable,” he said. “Without any medical remedy for coronavirus, people are more open to hearing about the one who can cure and heal.”
